一甲基肼的高压蒸发研究

对一甲基肼的高压蒸发进行了研究,计算了一甲基肼液滴温度和半径的变化历程,并对各种不同环境压力下的结果进行了比较。计算了蒸发常数、传热数和传质数,所得结果同已有的实验数据相比较是吻合的,且考虑了不同的Le数对蒸发界限压力的影响,说明了此蒸发模型和计算方法的合理性。所得结论对于分析液体火箭发动机的燃烧过程是重要的。这一方法还可以用来计算其他燃料的蒸发。     

非对称多相整流电路的计算

针对实际工作中可能遇到的非对称的３相、６相和１２相桥式整流电路,讨论了整流电压平均值的计算、整流电压波形的分析及电压纹波因数的计算等问题。     

Effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on kerosene/air rotating detonation engines using a paralleling CE/SE method

In this paper, the kerosene/air rotating detonation engines(RDE) are numerically investigated, and the emphasis is laid on the effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on the operation characteristics of RDE including the initiation, instabilities, and propulsive performance. A hybrid MPI + OpenMP parallel computing model is applied and it is proved to be able to obtain a more effective parallel performance on high performance computing(HPC) systems. A series of cases with the total pressure of 1 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 2 MPa, and the equivalence ratio of 0.9, 1, 1.4 are simulated. On one hand, the total pressure shows a significant impact on the instabilities of rotating detonation waves. The instability phenomenon is observed in cases with low total pressure (1 MPa) and weakened with the increase of the total pressure. The total pressure has a small impact on the detonation wave velocity and the specific impulse. On the other hand, the equivalence ratio shows a negligible influence on the instabilities, while it affects the ignition process and accounts for the detonation velocity deficit. It is more difficult to initiate rotating detonation waves directly in the lean fuel operation condition. Little difference was observed in the thrust with different equivalence ratios of 0.9, 1, and 1.4. The highest specific impulse was obtained in the lean fuel cases, which is around 2700 s. The findings could provide insights into the understanding of the operation characteristics of kerosene/air RDE.     

Hazard evaluation of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity for three typical MH2 (M＝Mg,Ti, Zr) of energetic materials

MgH2, TiH2, and ZrH2 are three typical metal hydrides that have been gradually applied to composite explosives and propellants as additives in recent years. To evaluate ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, the Hartmann device and spherical pressure vessel were used to test ignition energy and ex-plosion pressure, respectively. The results showed that the ignition sensitivity of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 gradually increased. When the concentration of MgH2 is 83.0 g/m3 in Hartmann device, the ignition energy attained a minimum of 10.0 mJ. The explosion pressure of MgH2 were 1.44 times and 1.76 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, and the explosion pressure rising rate were 3.97 times and 9.96 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, through the spherical pressure vessel. It indicated that the reaction reactivity and reaction rate of MgH2 were higher than that of TiH2 and ZrH2. In addition, to conduct in-depth theoretical analysis of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, gas production and combus-tion heat per unit mass of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 were tested by mercury manometer and oxygen bomb calorimetry. The experimental results revealed that MgH2 had a relatively high gas production per unit mass (5.15 mL/g), while TiH2 and ZrH2 both had a gas production of less than 2.0 mL/g. Their thermal stability gradually increased, leading to a gradual increase in ignition energy. Furthermore, compared with theoretical combustion heat, the combustion ratio of MgH2, TiH2 and ZrH2 was more than 96.0%, with combustion heat value of 29.96, 20.94 and 12.22 MJ/kg, respectively, which was consistent with the explosion pressure and explosion severity test results.     

大口径火炮制退机内腔压力测试技术

从火炮反后座装置的特殊结构及测试技术两方面详细分析、总结了我国几种大口径火炮在内腔压力测试时出现不正常现象的原因,并从传感器的机械度、传感器的封装技术、传感器的绝热处理、传感器的频响和排气工装等几个方面改进内腔压力测试的技术工艺方法,并用改进后的方法对155-2型火炮的内腔压力进行了试验,结果表明其工艺方法可准确地测试出内腔压力曲线,从而解决了多年来火炮后座阻力测试技术中存在的关键问题。     

采用遗传算法的电控增压器电磁阀优化设计

运用Ansoft Maxwell软件建立电磁阀的动态响应特性仿真模型，并通过试验验证模型的准确性。利用模型集成ISIGHT软件的方法，对影响电磁阀动态响应特性的参数进行灵敏度分析，得出各个参数对动态响应特性的Pareto图。基于遗传算法对电磁阀进行多参数优化设计，获取最佳参数组合，并利用电磁阀动态响应特性试验台架，开展参数优化前后电磁阀动态响应特性的对比试验研究。试验结果表明：相比于原参数方案，参数优化后的电磁阀动态响应特性得到大幅度提升，其开启响应时间缩短了59.1%，关闭响应时间缩短了47.2%。     

CODE新光压模型对北斗混合导航星座精密轨道确定的影响分析

基于国防科技大学自主研制的卫星定轨软件工具包NUDTTK，分析了CODE新光压模型EECOM对北斗二代混合导航星座精密轨道确定的影响。研究表明：对GEO卫星而言，EECOM模型能够明显改善定轨精度，相比于传统的ECOM-9和ECOM-5模型，卫星激光测距检核精度分别提高17.4%和35.1%。对IGSO和MEO卫星而言，采用ECOM-5模型的定轨精度要优于EECOM和ECOM-9模型，新光压模型EECOM并不能有效改善IGSO和MEO卫星的定轨精度。与IGS数据分析中心WHU、GFZ和CODE的轨道产品互比对结果（3D RMS）显示：目前，国防科技大学北斗精密轨道产品中，GEO卫星的定轨精度为1~4 m，IGSO卫星的定轨精度为25~30 cm，MEO卫星的定轨精度为10~20 cm。     

CODE新光压模型对北斗混合导航星座精密轨道确定的影响

运用卫星定轨软件工具包NUDTTK,分析了欧洲定轨中心扩展的经验光压模型(EECOM)对北斗二代混合导航星座精密轨道确定的影响。研究表明:对地球静止轨道卫星而言,EECOM能够明显改善定轨精度,相比于传统的ECOM-9和ECOM-5模型,卫星激光测距检核精度分别提高17.4%和35.1%。对倾斜地球同步轨道卫星和中轨道卫星而言,采用ECOM-5模型的定轨精度要优于采用EECOM和ECOM-9模型的,新光压模型EECOM并不能有效改善倾斜地球同步轨道卫星和中轨道卫星的定轨精度。与IGS数据分析中心WHU、GFZ和CODE的轨道产品相互比对的结果显示:目前,国防科技大学北斗精密轨道产品中,地球静止轨道卫星的定轨精度为1~4 m,倾斜地球同步轨道卫星的定轨精度为25~30 cm,中轨道卫星的定轨精度为10~20 cm。     

基于面元法的三维机翼数值设计

利用一种数值迭代方法设计出具有给定目标压力分布形式和环量及厚度分布的三维机翼.取一初始机翼,应用考虑尾涡衰减及卷曲的面元法计算三维机翼的流体动力性能,对机翼几何形状进行小的扰动并计算由此引起的压力变化,形成雅可比行列式,求解出几何修正因子以改变机翼几何形状,多次迭代后得到具有目标压力分布形式的机翼.再由给定的环量及厚度分布修改目标压力,重新设计机翼,最后得到符合设计要求的三维机翼.重点讨论了数值设计中尾涡模型、目标压力分布形式、几何控制点对设计结果的影响,及如何加快计算收敛.算例分析表明,设计方法收敛快速、有效可行,计及尾涡衰减及卷曲能够得到更准确的设计结果,目标压力分布形式和几何控制点的选取决定了设计机翼的光顺性.     

瓦斯爆炸波自激励效应的实验研究

基于爆炸波的发展机理在气体爆炸防护技术研究中的重要性,通过实验对密闭通道中瓦斯爆炸波的传播特征及规律进行了研究。结果表明,瓦斯爆炸传播过程中,压力波对火焰波既有促进作用又有抑制作用,不同阶段的主导作用不同;而火焰波对压力波也会产生影响,不但会加强压力波的超压和振幅,而且会使压力波上升段压缩、下降段拉伸,最终可能发展为爆震波,对巷道内的建筑、设备造成极大的破坏。